What changes exactly
The Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR) sets a limit on the amount of empty space in shipping packages from 2030. A box that is largely filled with air, cushioning material, or excessive movement space around the product will no longer automatically comply with the requirements. The exact maximum percentage and precise definition of "empty space" are set out in the regulation itself; we deliberately do not cite a standalone figure here, because the application may differ per packaging type and the guidelines on this are still being developed.
This rule applies to anyone placing shipping packages on the market: web shops that pack items themselves, but also brands and importers that have outsourced their fulfillment. The obligation concerns the packaging itself, not the party that physically fills the box. The party responsible for the design and choice of packaging is therefore the one who must take this into account — even if an external fulfillment company does the packing.
Why this is relevant now, despite 2030
Although the deadline is still several years away, this obligation is tied in practice to decisions you make now: which box sizes you purchase, how many different formats you maintain, and whether you work with fixed standard boxes or custom packaging. A packaging line that is established today for the coming years runs the risk of not meeting the requirements by 2030. Entrepreneurs who already invest today in custom box formats or flexible packaging machines are already incorporating this change into practice, even without having reviewed the regulation article by article.
The rule primarily affects shipping packaging, that is, the box or envelope in which an order is sent to the customer. Product packaging — the packaging around the product itself, such as a bottle or blister pack — is subject to other requirements. The distinction between the two is not always straightforward, especially for products that already come in their own box and are then packaged again for shipment.
How this relates to the other changes in the calendar
The limit on empty space does not stand alone. From the same year, requirements also apply to the mandatory share of recycled material in certain packages, and two years earlier, requirements apply to the labeling of packaging material. For companies setting up their packaging line now, it is practical to view these changes in relation to one another rather than separately: a box you replace now to save space is a logical moment to also look at the material and the future recycled content percentage.
Whether a particular package falls under this rule, and what percentage of empty space is exactly permitted, cannot be answered in a single sentence — it depends on the type of package and the category into which it falls according to the regulation. For a first assessment of your situation, you can find out in a few questions which role and obligations apply to your packaging. The tool also indicates when an obligation is not yet applicable to your type of packaging, so you don't waste unnecessary time on something that does not (yet) apply to you.
What you can already prepare
A good starting point is an overview of the shipping packages you currently use: which formats, which cushioning material, and how much space on average remains unused. That overview is also the basis for the technical file and declaration of conformity that the regulation requires, and that you must be able to produce in any case as soon as your packaging is checked. Those wishing to build that file step by step instead of all at once just before a deadline will find in the knowledge base with explanations for each packaging topic the background for each component.
It is not necessary to make a definitive choice now for a new packaging line. However, it is advisable to factor in this change when replacing boxes, packaging machines, or fulfilment contracts in the coming period, so that you do not have to switch at short notice in a few years' time. You can read how the information on epria.eu is compiled and why we consistently refer to the source text instead of providing our own explanation on the page on our working method.
Do you want to know whether and when this change will apply to your packaging? Take the free quick-scan or browse through the topics in the knowledge base — both can be consulted without an account and provide an immediate indication of your situation.